Explain about SART? Location of it? Functioning? Any indications where
SART is kept?
A search and rescue transponder (SART) is the main means
for locating ships in distress
or their Survival craft
As per SOLAS minimum 2 number SART required
onboard.
SART has been made of Fiber reinforced plastic material
which can bear the prolonged sunlight and stay unaffected by the sea water or oil.
SART is capable of self-floating free of survival
craft.
The color of SART is International ORANGE color.
SART is mounted
in a mounting bracket which is fixed to
the bulkhead of ship.
The
SART operates in the 9 GHz frequency band and generates a
series of response signals on being
interrogated by any ordinary 9 GHz ship borne 3-cm X-band radar or suitable airborne radar.
SART can be either portable for use on board ship or carrying to survival craft and or
permanently installed in the survival
craft.
The SART is activated manually so that it will thereafter respond
when SART interrogated.
When activated in a distress
situation. The SART start responds to radar
interrogation by transmitting a signal which generates as a line of 12 blips code on a radar screen
outward from the SART’s position
along its line of
bearing.
Displayed on the Radar-Plan Position Indicator (PPI),
the spacing between
each pair of dots will be
nautical mile.
As the searching craft approach to within about one nautical mile of the SART. Then blip dots will start change into wide
arcs and become complete circles as the SART is closed and become
continually triggered.
This warning is very useful to the search craft to slow down.
This distinctive and unique radar signal is easily recognized and so that much easier to spot the signal
echo such as from a radar reflector.
It also provides
a visual or audible indication of its correct
operation and will also inform
survivors when it is interrogated by radar.
An audible beep will sound after every 2 seconds
when the SART is interrogated by a radar and every 12 seconds when no radar in sight.
It should have sufficient battery
capacity to operate
in the standby condition for 96 hours
followed by a minimum
8 hours of transmission while being
interrogated by radar.
How does it activate? What is HRU? How does it operate?
EPIRB is known as a compact buoyant self-contained radio transmitter.
As per SOLAS minimum one EPIRB to be carried and as per D.G
shipping requirement on INDIAN vessel
min 2 EPIRB to be carried.
EPIRB battery storage
life 5 year and the weight of EPIRB is
2 kg.
EPIRB is located
on the bridge wing and its attached
with H.R.U.
Its Capable of floating
free and it automatically activated
in the event of the ship sinking.
After Activated it continuously emits
a distinctive radio
signal for a minimum of 48 hours.
It is used to alert search and rescue services
in the event of an emergency.
EPIRB transmitting a coded message
on the 406.5 MHz distress frequency
via satellite and earth
stations to the nearest rescue
co-ordination center.
Some of the EPIRB also have built-in GPS which enables the rescue services to accurately locate
you to +/- 50 meters.
406 MHz
EPIRB work with the COSPAS-SARSAT polar orbiting satellite system Which giving true
global coverage. There
is an alert delay of about 45 minutes depends on when the satellites come into view
on the horizon.
The
satellite can determine the position of your EPIRB to within 5 kilo meter (3 miles). The
coded message identifies the exact ship to which the EPIRB is registered. This information allows the rescue
services eliminate
false alerts and launch an appropriate rescue.
What is GMDSS?
In which SOLAS
chap it will come?
GMDSS (GLOBAL MARITIME
DISTRESS AND SAFETY
SYSTEM)
- GMDSS comes in
SOLAS chapter 5 ( Safety of
navigation ) - GMDSS located on bridge
- GMDSS is main communication system of ship and
all external communication through world
is done by GMDSS. - GMDSS can be operated by Captain/Master and officer in charge.
- There are 3 GMDSS sets available onboard ship.
Explain about
Line throwing apparatus
and tell me how much length it will cover? location of it?
According to SOLAS at least ONE LINE THROWING APPARATUS should
be kept onboard the ship.
LTA contains a rope which kept in a cylinder
and when cylinder is propelled
by pressing lever the rope will turned out from cylinder.
LTA shall be capable
of throwing a line with reasonable accuracy. Include not less than four projectiles each capable of carrying
the line at least 230 meter in calm weather.
LTA include not less than four lines each having
a breaking strength
of not less than 2 Kn.
Shall have brief instructions or diagrams clearly
illustrating the use of the line-throwing appliance.
The rocket (pistol-fired rocket, assembly, an integral rocket)
and line shall
be contained in a water resistant casing.
Line Throwing apparatus spring
is kept with high tension
and when lever is pressed rope will comes out from cylinder.
The direction of this YELLOW colored cylinder
is explode in direction of wind and at
angle of 45 degree to achieve max projectile path.
LTA Kept on BRIDGE and with SAFETY
PIN is provided to prevent accidental release
of rope.