Explain about SART? Location of it? Functioning? Any indications where SART is kept?A search and rescue transponder (SART) is the main means for locating ships in distress or their Survival craft As per SOLAS minimum 2 number SART required onboard.SART has been made of Fiber reinforced plastic material which can bear the prolonged sunlight and stay unaffected by the sea water or oil.SART is capable of self-floating free of survival craft.The color of SART is International ORANGE color.SART is mounted in a mounting bracket which is fixed to the bulkhead of ship.The SART operates in the 9 GHz frequency band and generates a series of response signals on being interrogated by any ordinary 9 GHz ship borne 3-cm X-band radar or suitable airborne radar.SART can be either portable for use on board ship or carrying to survival craft and or permanently installed in the survival craft.The SART is activated manually so that it will thereafter respond when SART interrogated.When activated in a distress situation. The SART start responds to radar interrogation by transmitting a signal which generates as a line of 12 blips code on a radar screen outward from the SART’s position along its line of bearing.Displayed on the Radar-Plan Position Indicator (PPI), the spacing between each pair of dots will be nautical mile.As the searching craft approach to within about one nautical mile of the SART. Then blip dots will start change into wide arcs and become complete circles as the SART is closed and become continually triggered.This warning is very useful to the search craft to slow down.This distinctive and unique radar signal is easily recognized and so that much easier to spot the signal echo such as from a radar reflector.It also provides a visual or audible indication of its correct operation and will also inform survivors when it is interrogated by radar.An audible beep will sound after every 2 seconds when the SART is interrogated by a radar and every 12 seconds when no radar in sight.It should have sufficient battery capacity to operate in the standby condition for 96 hours followed by a minimum 8 hours of transmission while being interrogated by radar. What is EPIRB? How does it activate? What is HRU? How does it operate? EPIRB is known as a compact buoyant self-contained radio transmitter. As per SOLAS minimum one EPIRB to be carried and as per D.G shipping requirement on INDIAN vessel min 2 EPIRB to be carried. EPIRB battery storage life 5 year and the weight of EPIRB is 2 kg. EPIRB is located on the bridge wing and its attached with H.R.U. Its Capable of floating free and it automatically activated in the event of the ship sinking. After Activated it continuously emits a distinctive radio signal for a minimum of 48 hours. It is used to alert search and rescue services in the event of an emergency. EPIRB transmitting a coded message on the 406.5 MHz distress frequency via satellite and earth stations to the nearest rescue co-ordination center. Some of the EPIRB also have built-in GPS which enables the rescue services to accurately locate you to +/- 50 meters. 406 MHz EPIRB work with the COSPAS-SARSAT polar orbiting satellite system Which giving true global coverage. There is an alert delay of about 45 minutes depends on when the satellites come into view on the horizon. The satellite can determine the position of your EPIRB to within 5 kilo meter (3 miles). The coded message identifies the exact ship to which the EPIRB is registered. This information allows the rescue services eliminate false alerts and launch an appropriate rescue.What is GMDSS? In which SOLAS chap it will come? GMDSS (GLOBAL MARITIME DISTRESS AND SAFETY SYSTEM) GMDSS comes in SOLAS chapter 5 ( Safety of navigation )GMDSS located on bridge GMDSS is main communication system of ship and all external communication through world is done by GMDSS.GMDSS can be operated by Captain/Master and officer in charge.There are 3 GMDSS sets available onboard ship.Explain about Line throwing apparatus and tell me how much length it will cover? location of it?According to SOLAS at least ONE LINE THROWING APPARATUS should be kept onboard the ship.LTA contains a rope which kept in a cylinder and when cylinder is propelled by pressing lever the rope will turned out from cylinder.LTA shall be capable of throwing a line with reasonable accuracy. Include not less than four projectiles each capable of carrying the line at least 230 meter in calm weather.LTA include not less than four lines each having a breaking strength of not less than 2 Kn.Shall have brief instructions or diagrams clearly illustrating the use of the line-throwing appliance.The rocket (pistol-fired rocket, assembly, an integral rocket) and line shall be contained in a water resistant casing.Line Throwing apparatus spring is kept with high tension and when lever is pressed rope will comes out from cylinder. The direction of this YELLOW colored cylinder is explode in direction of wind and at angle of 45 degree to achieve max projectile path.LTA Kept on BRIDGE and with SAFETY PIN is provided to prevent accidental release of rope.